{ 1 } - the highly relational character of duty.
{ 2 } - the notion of duty.
{ 3 } - the fact that some duties are exceptionless.
{ 4 } - the notion of intrinsic value.

Ross says that it matters morally whether the other person has done us a favor, or has been hurt by us, or has received our promise, or is a friend or spouse. Many of our duties are based on such relationships.

Utilitarians say that such relationships have no inherent moral relevance. Your duty is to maximize the sum total of good for everyone equally. How people are related to you has no inherent relevance.